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Exam topics and bibliography

ANIMAL GENETICS AND EVOLUTION

  • Populations: gene and genotype frequencies.
  • The Hardy-Weinberg principle: assumptions and conclusions.
  • Inbreeding: biological aspects and the F coefficient.
  • Genetic drift.
  • Effective population size.
  • Founder effect.
  • Fate of mutations in populations.
  • Interaction between migration and genetic drift.
  • Natural selection: concepts and models.
  • Genetic load
  • Adaptation.
  • Polymorphisms and the maintenance of genetic variability.
  • Molecular evolution and the molecular clock hypothesis
  • Notions of artificial selection and quantitative genetics.
  • Quantitative trait loci.
  • Heritability.
  • Concepts of species.
  • Mechanisms and genetic basis of reproductive isolation.
  • Models of speciation.
  • Haldane's Rule.
  • Genetic differences that follow speciation.

Bibliography

Brown, T. A.  2006. Genomes. 3nd Edition, Garland Science.  ISBN-13: 978-0815341383

Brown, T. 2011. Introduction to genetics: A molecular Approach. 1st Edition. Garland Science. ISBN-13: 978-0815365099

FALCONER, DS & TFC MACKAY. 1996. Introduction to Quantitative Genetics. 4th Edition. Benjamin Cummings. Essex. ISBN-13: 978-0582243026

Futuyma, D.J. 1997. Evolutionary Biology. 3rd Edition. Sinauer Associates. ISBN-13: 978-0878931897

FUTUYMA, DJ. 2013. Evolution. 3rd Edition. Sinauer Associates. ISBN-13: 978-1-60535-115-5

GRIFFITHS AJF; WESSLER SR; CARROLL SB; DOEBLEY J. 2010. Introduction to Genetic Analysis.  10th Edition. W. H. Freeman. ISBN-13: 978-1429229432

HARTL, DL & AG CLARK. 2006. Principles of Population Genetics. 4th Edition. Sinauer Associates. ISBN-13: 978-0878933082

HEDRICK, P. W. 2009. Genetics of Populations. 4th Edition. Jones and Bartlett Learning. ISBN-13: 978-0763757373

HERRON, JC & S FREEMAN. 2013. Evolutionary Analysis. 5th Edition. Benjamin Cummings. ISBN-13: 978-0321616678.

KLUG WS; CUMMINGS MR; SPENCER CA; PALLADINO MA. 2008. Concepts of Genetics. 9th Edition. Benjamin Cummings. ISBN-13: 978-0321524041.

Krebs, JE; Goldstein ES; Kilpatrick ST. 2009. Lewin's Genes X. Jones and Bartlett Learning. ISBN-13: 978-0763766320

Pierce, B. 2007. Genetics: A Conceptual Approach. 3rd Edition. W. H. Freeman. ISBN-13: 978-0716779285

Ridley, M. 2003. Evolution. 3rd Edition. Blackwell. ISBN-13: 978-1405103459

SHORROCKS, B. 1980. The genesis of diversity. 1979. University Park Press. ASIN: B0024BU15C

STEARNS, S. C. & R. F. HOEKSTRA. 2003. Evolution: an Introduction. 1st Edition Oxford University Press ISBN-13: 978-0199255634

STRICKBERGER, M. 2000. Evolution. Jones and Bartlett Publishers. ISBN: 0763710660

Watson, D. J., Baker, T. A., Bell, S. P., Gann, A., Levine M. Losick, R. 2010, 5th. ed. Molecular Biology of the Gene.  Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, SBN-13: 978-0805346350.

Watson, J. D., Myers R. M., Caudy, A. A. and Witkowski, A. 2007. 3rd Edition. DNA Recombinant DNA – A short course. W. H. Freeman. ISBN 0716728664

PLANT BREEDING AND GENETICS

  • Genetic variability, germplasm bank and conservation of plant species
  • Origin, evolution and reproductive systems in plants
  • Selection and breeding of autogamous and allogamous plants
  • Inbreeding, heterosis and genotype x environment interaction
  • Transcription and RNA Processing
  • Gene mutation and DNA repair mechanisms
  • Transposable elements and extra chromosomal DNA
  • Biotechnology applied to plant breeding

Bibliografia

Allard, R.W. Principles of Plant Breeding. 1960. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN-10: 047102315

Allard, R.W.  Princípios do Melhoramento Genético de Plantas. Edgard Blücher Ltda.

FEHR, W.R. 1987. Principles of Cultivar Development : Theory and Technique (Vol 1). Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN-10: 0963598902.

GRIFFITHS AJF; WESSLER SR; CARROLL SB; DOEBLEY J. 2013. Introdução à Genética. 10a Edição. Guanabara Koogan. ISBN: 9788527721912

 

GENETICS OF MICROORGANISMS

  • Cytological Basis of Heredity
  • Mendelian genetics gene interaction
  • Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance
  • Sex determination and sex linked inheritance
  • Linkage groups and chromosomes
  • Linkage, recombination and gene mapping in haploid and diploid organisms
  • Pleiotropic gene.
  • Multiple alleles.
  • Gene and chromosomal mutations
  • Cytoplasmic inheritance
  • Giant chromosomes and the location of genes
  • Molecular concept of the gene
  • Genetic code and protein synthesis
  • Recombination in bacteria: conjugation, transformation and transduction
  • Gene regulation in prokaryotes
  • Transcription in Prokaryotes.
  • Gene mutation and DNA repair mechanisms
  • Basic methodologies in genetic engineering

Bibliography:

Brown, T. A.  2006. Genomes. 3nd Edition, Garland Science.  ISBN-13: 978-0815341383

GRIFFITHS AJF; WESSLER SR; CARROLL SB; DOEBLEY J. 2010. Introduction to Genetic Analysis.  10th Edition. W. H. Freeman. ISBN-13: 978-1429229432

Krebs, JE; Goldstein ES; Kilpatrick ST. 2009. Lewin's Genes X. Jones and Bartlett Learning. ISBN-13: 978-0763766320.

 

MICROBIOLOGY

  • Morphology and structure of the bacterial cell
  • Nutrition and bacterial metabolism
  • Growth of bacterial cells and populations
  • Media and conditions for the cultivation of microorganisms
  • Microbiota and interactions between microorganisms
  • Mechanisms of bacterial pathogenicity
  • Control of microorganisms, chemical and physical agents
  • Antibiotics and mechanisms of action
  • Epidemiology of infectious diseases
  • Diagnostic methods and conventional molecular
  • Characteristic of filamentous fungi and yeast
  • General characteristics of viruses
  • Multiplication of animal viruses and bacteriophages

Bibliography:

MADIGAN, M.T.; MARTINKO, J.M.; PARKER, J. 2014. Brock Biology of Microorganisms. 14th Edition. Benjamin Cummings. ISBN-10: 321897390

TORTORA, G.J.; FUNKE, B.R.; CASE, C.L. 2009. Microbiology: An Introduction. 10th Edition. Benjamin Cummings. ISBN-10: 0321550072

MURRAY, P.R., ROSENTHAL, K.S., PFALLER, M.A. 2008. Medical Microbiology. Mosby. ISBN-10: 0323054706

Levinson, W.  2008. Review of Medical Microbiology and Immunology. 10th McGraw-Hill Medical. ISBN-13: 978-0071496209.

 

IMMUNOLOGY

  • Natural or Innate Immunity
  • Cells and tissues of the Adaptive Immune System
  • Antibodies and antigens
  • Antigen processing and presentation to T lymphocytes
  • The Major Histocompatibility Complex
  • Development of lymphocytes: rearrangement and expression of the antigen receptor genes
  • Activation of T lymphocytes
  • Activation of B lymphocytes
  • Effector mechanisms of Cellular Immunity
  • Effector mechanisms of humoral immunity
  • Immune response against microorganisms
  • Immune tolerance
  • Hypersensitivities
  • Autoimmunity and autoimmune diseases
  • Manipulation of the immune response: control of undesirable response,
  • immunity to tumors and production of vaccines.
  • Laboratory techniques commonly used in immunology.

Bibliography

Abbas, A.K., Lichtman, A.H.H,  Pillai, P. Cellular and Molecular Immunology. 2011. 7th Edition. Saunders. ISBN-10: 1437715281.

Murphy, K.M, Travers, P., Walport, M. 2007.  Janeways´ Immunobiology. 2007. 7th Edition. Garland Science. ISBN-10: 0815341237

Male, M. Brostoff, J., Roth, D.B., Roitt, I. Immunology. 2006. 7th Edition. Mosby. ISBN-13: 978-0323033992

 

BIOINFORMATICS

  • Nucleic Acids: Structure and Function
  • Genetic code and protein synthesis;
  • Regulation of gene expression;
  • Replication and repair of genetic material;
  • Mutation and natural selection;
  • Genome projects, transcriptome, proteome, metagenome and structural genome;
  • Fundamentals of programming: data types, selection and iteration, functions and procedures, data structures, fundamental algorithms;
  • Analysis of algorithms;
  • Relational database;
  • Analysis of DNA and protein sequences;
  • Sequence databases;
  • Predictive methods using nucleotide and protein sequences;
  • Sequence Polymorphisms;
  • Blast and Fasta format;
  • Multiple sequence alignment;
  • Assembling of sequences
  • Analysis of large-scale data (RNA-seq, ChIP-seq and sRNA-seq);

 

Bibliography

Lesk, A. Introduction to Bioinformatics. 2014. Oxford University Press. ISBN-13: 978-0199651566

Deonier, R.C. Tavaré, S., Waterman, M.S.. 2007. Computational Genome Analysis: An introduction. Springer. ISBN-13: 978-0387987859

Brown, T.A. Genomes. 2006. Wiley-Liss. 3rd edition. ISBN-13: 978-0815341383

Deonier, R.C. Tavaré, S., Waterman, M.S.. 2004. An Introduction to Bioinformatics Algorithms (Computational Molecular Biology). The MIT Press. ISBN-13: 978-0262101066

Gibas C, Jambeck P. Developing Bioinformatics Computer Skills. 2001. First Edition. O’Reilly & Associates. ISBN-13: 978-1565926646

Bessant C., Shadforth I., Oakley D. 2009. Building Bioinformatics Solutions with Perl, R and MySQL. Oxford University Press. ISBN-13: 978-0199230235